This book examines production efficiency and economic benefits of agricultural production systems, comparing both organic and conventional systems. Diseases and pest outbreaks are looked into with a view of recommending the appropriate methods of control. Definition of land and its uses are discussed. Factors affecting soil formation and methods of replenishing lost nutrients are enumerated in an attempt to educate students and farmers on the modern techniques of retaining soil nutrients without environmental destruction. Experiments conducted on soil to investigate the effects and factors affecting nutrients mineralization have been described. Descriptions of forest trees have been given to explain their roles in economic expansion. Methods of planting, rules and regulations implemented by communities, states and countries are also discussed. This book critically reviews the effects of agricultural chemicals on soil organisms and other agricultural practices.

Introduction to Organic Agricultural Practices: Factors; The Ideal of Philosophers in Organic Agriculture Inputs; Organic Motivation; Necessity in Organic Farming; Certification Requirements; Trade in Organic Food; Marketing�Basic Concepts for Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development: Key Challenges to Agricultural Systems; Agricultural Advancement; Enhancing Food Security; Agricultural Sustainability; Suggestions on How to Promote Agricultural Development; Factors Affecting Farmers�Land: Land Tenure; Land Use; Rock Formation Processes; Soil and its Formation; Soil Composition and Property; Soil Organic Matter in Sustaining Soil Fertility; Soil Management Principles; Soil Quality in Organic Systems; Organic Matter Content; Soil Biological Activities/Microorganisms; Soil pH; Availability of Nitrogen to Plants; Factors Affecting Soil Fertility; Carbon Sequestration in Farming System; Organic Agriculture/Microclimates; Ground and Surface Water�Effects and Consequences of Agricultural Chemicals on Soil: Consequences of Chemical Usage; Effects of Chemicals on Soil; Developing and Maintaining Fertile Soils; Preventing Outbreaks of Pests and Diseases; Implementing Changes in Chemical Applications; Ecological Strategies for Pest Control